Introduction
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder affecting millions worldwide [1]. It is characterized by abdominal pain or discomfort, altered bowel habits such as constipation, diarrhea, or both, and other symptoms like cramping, bloating, and gas [2]. Although IBS can significantly impact a person’s quality of life, it can be effectively managed with the proper treatment and lifestyle changes.
This article will provide an overview of IBS, its causes, symptoms, and the latest treatment options.
What is irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
IBS is a functional gastrointestinal disorder, meaning there is no structural or biochemical abnormality, but the digestive system does not function properly [3]. The exact cause of IBS is poorly understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of factors, including abnormal gut contractions, increased gut sensitivity, and changes in gut bacteria [1].
Symptoms of IBS
The primary symptoms of IBS are abdominal pain or discomfort and altered bowel habits [1]. Other common symptoms include:
- Cramping
- Bloating
- Gas
- Diarrhea or constipation, sometimes alternating between the two [2]
The severity and frequency of symptoms can vary significantly from person to person and may be triggered or worsened by stress, certain foods, or hormonal changes.
Diagnosing IBS
There is no specific test to diagnose IBS. Instead, healthcare professionals rely on a patient’s medical history, reported symptoms, and ruling out other possible conditions. Functional medicine Studio City professionals recognize the Rome IV criteria, a set of symptom-based guidelines, as a helpful tool in establishing an IBS diagnosis.
Latest Treatment Options for IBS
While there is no cure for IBS, a combination of dietary changes, stress management, and medications can help manage symptoms effectively. Functional medicine doctors often emphasize a holistic approach to treatment, focusing on personalized strategies that address the underlying factors contributing to the condition.
Dietary Changes
Individuals with IBS may benefit from making specific dietary adjustments, such as:
- Increasing fiber intake, especially soluble fiber found in foods like oats, psyllium, and flaxseeds
- Avoiding high-fat foods and gas-producing foods, like carbonated beverages, beans, and cruciferous vegetables
- Following a low FODMAP (Fermentable Oligo-, Di-, Mono-saccharides, and Polyols) diet, which involves eliminating certain carbohydrates that can trigger IBS symptoms [3]
Stress Management
Stress can exacerbate IBS symptoms. Stress management techniques like deep breathing exercises, meditation, yoga, or cognitive-behavioral therapy can help reduce stress and improve symptoms. Functional medicine Los Angeles providers highly recommend these techniques.
Medications
Several medications may be prescribed to help manage specific IBS symptoms, including:
- Antispasmodics to reduce abdominal pain and cramping
- Laxatives or fiber supplements to alleviate constipation
- Anti-diarrheal medicines to control diarrhea
- Antidepressants, in low doses, help modulate pain and improve bowel function
Living with IBS can be challenging, but understanding the condition and adopting the proper treatment strategies can help improve symptoms and quality of life. If you suspect you have IBS or are experiencing persistent gastrointestinal symptoms, consult a healthcare professional for proper evaluation and guidance. Functional Medicine Los Angeles is here to support you. By staying informed and taking an active role in managing your IBS, you can take control of your digestive health and well-being.
References:
[1] International Foundation for Gastrointestinal Disorders (2023). About IBS.
Retrieved from
https://aboutibs.org/what-is-ibs/facts-about-ibs/
[2] Mayo Clinic (2023). Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
Retrieved from
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/irritable-bowel-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20360016
[3] National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (2023). Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS).
Retrieved from https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/irritable-bowel-syndrome
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